EN 
Azərbaycan
Русский
INSTITUTE OF HYGIENE AND MEDICAL ECOLOGY named after A.N. MARZEYEV
UKRAINIAN ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Today, one of the main problems is the purification of drinking water, especially in the case of disinfection, which requires the application of advanced methods, which will soon be solved in the production of drinking water.
State SanPin 2.2.4-171-10 "Hygienic requirements for drinking water intended for human consumption", water disinfection - by affecting the destruction of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, their physical (ultraviolet radiation, ultrasound, etc.), chemical (chlorine, hypochlorite, ozone , dioxide, chlorine, oxidant, gas, etc.) to be influenced by process and physical-chemical factors.
The advantages of chlorine technologies, the method of prompt control of the course of disinfection and the fact that the effect is long-term neutralizing, do not allow us to refuse them in the experience of centralized water supply. Known disadvantages of disinfection with chlorine gas and hypochlorite: toxic reagents, therefore, work with them requires strict adherence to safety rules, insufficiently effective cleaning in relation to enteroviruses, generation of additional disinfection products with mutagenic and teratogenic, carcinogenic properties. In Ukraine, 1.1% and 98% of drinking water is neutralized with chlorine gas hypochlorite (Khorunjiy D, 2004). Hypochlorites are used for disinfection of underground water in stations with low productivity. A number of shortcomings were found in the implementation of this method. The first drawback is that hypochlorite is less bactericidal than hydrochloric acid, so chlorine gas is the main active agent in use. (Dakhir V.M., 2003, Faust S.D., 1999, Krasnoborodko Ir. 1988, Ponomareva L.A., 1998, etc.). Experimental studies (Faust S.D., 1999).
It is noted that with chloric acid, hypochlorite and chloramine, with a concentration of active chlorine, during the disinfection of drinking water, for example, 0.1 mlg,, the same effect is achieved after the 2nd minute of disinfection, more than 100 minutes and 500 minutes, respectively. is being
V.M.Bakhir, in the article No. 6 of 2007, "Washing water", it is stated that: "Instead of gaseous chlorine, sodium hypochlorite is supplied to the pipeline system of this reagent, and for its mixing there, a sediment is formed in the water channel, consisting of magnesium hydroxide and silicon dioxide, which creates a blockage, which is caused by hypochlorite swimming It's one thing to pipe into a swimming pool—it's quite another to pipe into a pipe system that supplies drinking water to a city." However, it is clear that these differences are only apparent: the whole matter is only in the manifestations of time and scale.
Regardless of the method of application of hypochlorite (in production or in these local installations), it increases the corrosion processes of equipment and pipelines due to the electrical conductivity of water (hardening) compared to chlorine gas, excludes the effective destruction of cysts (Giardia, Cryptosporidium), increases the pH of water , activates the growth of biofilm on the internal surfaces of pipelines and devices and increases the number of Carcinogenic trihalogenmethanes in water.
According to State SanPin No. 2.2.4-171-10 "Hygienic requirements of drinking water intended for human consumption", the amount of trihalogenmethanes (chloroform, etc.) in water has been strictly controlled in Ukraine since 2015, according to the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, a temporary permit for water supply it will not be given because it does not meet the hygienic requirements.
According to the information of the Head Office of the "State scientific research laboratory for the quality control of medicinal products", drinking water monitoring studies of Ukraine show that the contamination of drinking water with chloroform in some regions is up to 2-5 PDK.
According to the results of the experimental studies of the "State Scientific Research Laboratory for the Control of the Quality of Medicines", among tetrachlorine reagents, sodium hydrochloride is the most carcinogenic medium-molecular chlorinated substance, especially chloroform (hydrochlorite - chloramine chlorgas - liquid chlorine and sodium chloride - lime) has the ability to react.
During the use of electrolytic devices for the production of hypochlorite sodium, regeneration of salt-acid anodes necessitates annual renewal of the hypochlorite metal oxide coating, titanium anodes and other parts of the devices.
When using commercial hypochlorite, a decrease in disinfection capacity is observed during storage of this reagent, which leads to the need to use special preservatives, which complicates the operation.
It also poses a danger to humans due to the release of gaseous chlorine from it. Accumulation of toxic chlorates is carried out during the storage of solutions with hydrochloric acid and active chlorine with 450 mg / l and ph more than 9.
The constant growth of environmental protection and drinking water quality demands, against the background of intense pollution of drinking water supply sources, necessitates the search for methods based on the synergy of two or more reagents, namely, the disinfection of drinking water sources by alternative methods.
Disinfection with oxidants - a mixture of reagents can be attributed to these methods.
According to NSF Russian and US scientists, disinfection of water with oxidants is more efficient than chlorine gas and sodium hypochlorite, has a longer-term disinfecting effect, requires less contact of the oxidant with water, and reduces the formation of carcinogenic trihalogenmethanes.
This method is simple and safe to use, it is a method of operational control of the water disinfection process, it has high efficiency in different physical and chemical conditions of water, as well as in the fight against bio ivy of water pipeline networks, it can be applied for the purification of iron, manganese and hydrogen sulfide, for this it requires less sulfur dioxide to reduce residual chlorine than conventional chlorination.
Thus, the OXI - gas disinfection method does not have many disadvantages of traditional disinfection methods, especially in chlorination, and this method has all the positive qualities, especially in centralized, decentralized drinking and technical water supply and water disposal, making it a worthy alternative to traditional methods of disinfection practice. (for information visit www.oxicleanwater.com).