Why do they make us drink chlorine?

Most countries treat water with more advanced methods rather than chlorine

In Azerbaijan, more chlorine is used to purify the drinking water provided to the population. However, it is known to everyone that this substance does more harm than good.

Too much chlorine in water causes a number of diseases

also causes For this reason, the experts want Azerbaijan to refuse to purify water with this method. Developed countries of the world no longer use this method. Can Azerbaijan give up chlorine soon and use more modern methods?

Biotests are regularly conducted in water sources in Russia. Any changes in the water are seriously investigated. So sensitive to the composition of drinking water. Most countries have also refused to treat excess water with chlorine. However, Azerbaijan is still forced to use this tool. Because the water is too polluted due to the discharge of sewage into water bodies. Therefore, first of all, the process of cleaning water channels should be started. But in any case, it is important to apply more sophisticated methods of water purification.

Microorganisms in drinking water are cleaned by means of chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ultraviolet rays, ozone, sodium hypochlorite and filtration. The chlorine dioxide method, which has been used more recently, cleans water more effectively and is considered one of the most environmentally friendly methods. Chlorine dioxide even oxidizes iron and manganese particles in water.

In Azerbaijan, the chlorination method is used more often, water treatment with chlorine causes serious damage to human health. Chlorine reacts with water to form side substances, which cause very dangerous consequences, these substances cause certain diseases. For example, one of the factors that accelerate cancer, asthma, and diabetes is chlorine. We prefer this method because it is cheaper. In Russia, which is one of the less developed countries like Azerbaijan, they have started cleaning excess water using different methods (chlorine dioxide, sodium hypochlorite). More progressive methods are used in Belgium, Canada and other countries. It can be useful to learn and apply their experience.

The smell of water

Drinking water flowing from taps in our homes should be clean, clear and odorless. However, some people complain about the unpleasant taste of the water. In this case, it is necessary to investigate the cause (due to external factors or the condition of the house's water pipe). Substances that give taste and smell to water can be of both organic and inorganic origin, both natural (iron, sand, "smell of soil") and artificial (phenol, chlorine). If the water smells musty, it may be because the water has been sitting in containers or pipes (of poor quality) for a long time. If the transportation scheme is not properly organized, the "smell of the earth" can settle in the water. In many countries, the taste and smell of tap water has been spoiled by the addition of chlorine. Chlorine compounds such as chlorine and chlorine dioxide are the most common disinfectants used to treat drinking water and sterilize water pipes. The normal concentration of chlorine in one liter of water is 0.1-0.3 mg. consists of.

Water quality regulations

When people drew water from their wells, they were responsible for its quality. Later, industrialization took place and long water pipe lines were laid. Now, water has a long way to go from the source to the user, and its quality is affected by many factors (for example, the water pipe materials from which it was made) could have an effect. Strict control of water quality has become a pressing problem. There is a need to regulate special regulations and water quality requirements by legislation. Thus, in Germany, this type of regulations has existed for almost 100 years. Today, this sphere is regulated by legislation in almost all countries. In Switzerland, for example, water use issues are reflected in the legislation dealing with the regulation of food industry issues, in Germany - in the federal legislation on sanitary-epidemiological control, in the USA - in a separate section of the legislation (Act on the safety of drinking water for health). However, the essence of regulation is almost the same in each case. Usually, such norms consist of two parts. The first part defines the maximum and standard quantity of compounds (for example, arsenic, lead, pesticides, etc.). In the second part, which biological viruses and microorganisms can be present in water and their amount is determined. Special control bodies regularly check whether the water quality meets the established standards. For this, inspection fences are built, as well as adequate measures are taken. This allows us to be sure of the safety of our health.

pH level

pH is the Latin word "potentia hydrogenii", or rather "power of hydrogen", which means the concentration level of hydrogen ions in a liquid substance. This indicates whether the liquid environment is acidic, neutral or alkaline from a chemical point of view. The pH is measured on a scale from 0 to 14. Pure water has a neutral pH of 7.0. Indicators higher than this indicate the acidity level of the liquid, and higher - the alkalinity level. In general, many physiological processes are related to pH. For example, trout live only in water with a pH between 5.5 and 9.4. The human body is less demanding. For example, we can digest foods with an acidic pH. Thus, Coca-Cola has a pH of 2.3, tomato juice - 4.0, and lemon juice - 2.5. The pH level of the drinking water that enters the taps of our homes is in the range of 5.5 to 9.5, this indicator differs in individual countries. This indicator is under the strict control of the relevant authorities. The measurement of pH is carried out using a litmus indicator or special electrical equipment. The pH can be changed by adding certain salts. Thus, calcium bicarbonate (the hardness of water depends on it) increases the pH level in an alkaline environment.

Surfactants

Shampoos, conditioners, lotions, detergents have one common property. In order for them to be effective, surface-active substances are used in their composition, on which the cleaning effect depends. These substances are composed of water-soluble (hydrophilic) and fat-soluble (lipophilic) elements. This type of binary composition indicates their ability to reduce the surface tension of water. Simply put, it makes the water "mild". This allows the detergents to penetrate deep between the fibers of the materials, thus cleaning the dirt remaining in the emulsion of the cleaning agent. Surfactants are also called emulsifying agents. This means that they have the ability to bind liquids that would otherwise not bind together (such as water and oil). This property is used, for example, for the preparation of skin care products. These substances can be used as solvents, foaming regulators. However, the side effects of their use are also possible. If you use an emollient with too many surfactants, it can damage your skin's natural sebum and cause an allergic reaction. This also applies to excessive amounts of waste that are dumped into sewers. In the 1950s, the problem of waste of this type of substances in Europe became serious. It is for this reason that the use of detergents is regulated by legislation.

The quality of water

The hardness of water is determined by the level of calcium and magnesium in its content. The total hardness of water consists of permanent and carbonate hardness (lime). Depending on the region, the geological properties of the soil, both types may differ from each other (so that water dissolves a certain amount of calcium and magnesium compounds present in stones and rocks). To classify the type of water, turbidity is measured on a special scale, and several groups of turbidity are marked accordingly. It is true that the determination of the level of codification may differ depending on the country. However, it is mainly measured by the amount of calcium and magnesium in one mg/liter of water. When hot water is heated, lime deposits cause certain problems - this is what causes the formation of mold in kettles and other household appliances. Lime scale leads to high energy consumption of devices, and can also cause them to fail. When washing something with hard water, more detergents are used because the foaming is bad.